PARIS — Planet-warming carbon dioxide emissions from oil, gas and coal rose to a new record high this year, according to preliminary research Wednesday that found no sign the world was moving away from fossil fuels as planned.
Nations gathering in Azerbaijan for crunch UN climate talks have pledged to “transition away” from fossil fuels and aim to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial times.
But oil, gas and coal emissions continue to rise, according to the new findings from an international network of scientists at the Global Carbon Project.
The research found that to keep the 1.5C target in sight, the world would now need to reach net-zero CO2 emissions by the late 2030s — far earlier than most countries currently plan.
While scientists said renewable power and electric vehicles are helping to displace some fossil fuels, growth in emissions from gas and oil pushed global fossil fuel emissions higher this year.
Glen Peters, research director at the Center for International Climate Research in Oslo, said the world was “frustratingly close” to a peak in its fossil fuel emissions.
“Renewables are growing strongly, electric vehicles are growing strongly, but still it’s just not enough,” he told reporters, adding that any peak in emissions would only be ascertained after several years of data.
The preliminary findings show global CO2 emissions from fossil fuels rising 0.8 percent in 2024 compared to last year, reaching a record of 37.4 billion tonnes.
The research is based on monthly figures and projections to the end of the year and could therefore be slightly higher or lower than the current estimates.
Researchers said increases in CO2 emissions from India as well as growth in international aviation drove emissions up, while emissions decreased in the European Union and the United States.
In China, which accounts for nearly a third of the global total, fossil fuel emissions in 2024 are projected to tick up marginally, with increases in CO2 pollution from coal and gas.
“Oil has probably peaked in China, and that is thanks to the rapid rollout of electric vehicles,” Peters said. “So these technologies do help.”
