Paris”•Layoffs and cutting costs… companies are trying to adapt as the coronavirus hits demand and the draconian measures taken to contain the spread of the illness undercut both production and demand.
With the economic impact of the coronavirus threatening the survival of many firms, governments have pledged tens of billions to help them limp along, or failing that, to bankroll outright rescues or nationalization if necessary.
Here are some measures companies have implemented.
Suspending production
Several industrial giants, in particular in the automobile industry, have moved to reduce or even suspend their production.
Nissan suspended production at its Sunderland plant in northern England, the automaker’s biggest plant in Europe, employing about 7,000 workers.
French automobile manufacturer Peugeot-Citroen is shutting down all of its production sites in Europe, and Italian-US carmaker Fiat Chrysler, with which it is in the process of merging, also intends to close most of its facilities on the continent, as does its American counterpart Ford.
Germany’s VW said Tuesday it would shutter most of its European plants for two to three weeks.
France’s Renault is halting production at plants in France, Spain and Slovenia.
Tire giant Michelin is halting production at its sites in Spain, France and Italy for at least a week.
Airbus said it was suspending work at its French and Spanish plants for four days to take measures to improve workplace safety in light of the coronavirus.
Even the luxury industry is taking steps.
Gucci, part of the Kering group, is closing all of its sites until March 20. Meanwhile Hermes is shutting its manufacturing sites until the end of the month.
In Germany, long-distance bus companies Flixbus and Blablabus said they were halting services to and from Germany as new travel restrictions take effect.
Reduced hours, forced leave, layoffs
A slew of American retailers have shut some or all of their outlets, including Nike, Macy’s, Crate & Barrel and Gap.
The iconic Saks Fifth Avenue flagship store in New York is closed, and Apple has shuttered its stores outside of China.
The situation is particularly catastrophic for the travel industry, with US hotel giant Marriott shutting down some of its properties and furloughing tens of thousands of workers.
Airlines have been hit by a double-whammy: plunging demand and sweeping travel restrictions imposed by governments.
They have taken different measures to adapt.
Russian airline Aeroflot has asked employees who have accumulated extra time off to use it.
Air France says it will look at reducing working hours, a measure that several countries have facilitated with easier access to state benefits for workers now forced into part-time work.
Low-cost airline Ryanair, which has forecast an 80 percent drop in flights for April and May, said it is looking at that option along with voluntary departures and temporarily suspending work contracts.
Forcing workers into unemployment temporarily is also an option that several countries have made easier, with Volkswagen Spanish subsidiary Seat taking that course when it began having trouble receiving parts.
Italian shipyard Fincantieri, which has also halted output, has asked its workers to use their annual vacation time.
UK mobile phone retailer Dixons Carphone meanwhile said it was axing 2,900 jobs as it faces “turbulent times”.
Cost cutting
Firms have also moved swiftly to cut costs.
Air France-KLM, which is being forced to cut as many as 90 percent of flights, has said it will reduce its planned investments for 2020 by 350 million euros and make 200 million euros in savings elsewhere as it seeks to ensure it has enough cash on hand.
Firms are not sparing shareholders from the pain either. Lufthansa, which is chopping as much of 90 percent of flights, said it would not distribute a dividend from 2019 earnings as it seeks to keep hold of cash.
State support
Companies are not hesitating to take up offers of state support.
German tourism giant TUI, which employs 70,000 people worldwide and has suspended the “majority” of its operations over the coronavirus, has made a request for state aid.
Germany’s government has promised “unlimited” loans to stricken firms via the state bank KfW.
US airlines have asked for a $50-billion bailout, which is expected to be included in a US stimulus package.
The Italian government said it intends to re-nationalize the bankrupt former national carrier Alitalia under an emergency economic rescue plan for the coronavirus pandemic.
Meanwhile, France stands ready to nationalize large companies “if necessary,” Finance Minister Bruno Le Maire said Tuesday.
In the UK, long-struggling clothing and household goods retailer Laura Ashley Holdings collapsed into near bankruptcy as refinancing talks failed.